Permutation padlock



April 22, 1930. B. c; SMITH 1,755,521

PERMUTATION PADLOCK Filed May 21, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l IINVENTQR. H ernar'd DSnuTh April 22, 1930. a. c. SMITH PERMUTATI ON PADLOCK Filed May 21, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 provide a padlock of 0 vide an improved Patented 22, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT, OFFICE BERNARD 0. SMITH, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

PERMUTATION PADLOCK Application filed May 21, 1928.

'6 bination lock mechanism and cooperating pin-tumbler mechanism so connected as to require proper operation of both lock mechanisms for opening the lock.

A further object of the invention is to improved construction and embodyin an arrangement whereby the key 0 erated lock mechanism is prevented from eing operated prior to proper setting of the permutation lock mechanism and thus preventing unauthorized opening of' the lock y, a person possessing the proper key but not knowing the proper setting for the permutation lock mechanism.

A further object of the invention is to propadlock of this character embodying a novel arrangement whereby the shackle will be efliciently retained in its closed position within the lock body by means of dogs engageable with both of the shank 5 portions of the shackle.

A still further and important object of the invention is to provide an improved padlock of this nature embodying features of construction rendering the lock stron and 'durable, and one wherein the bolt or 0g mechanisms of both the permutation and pintumbler lock mechanisms are required to be retracted from engagement with the shank portions of the shackle before the -lock is permitted to open.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent during the course of the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification and in which drawings:

Figure 1 is a view showing the face cover plate of the lock body removed with certain portions of the lock mechanism in section and showing the shackle in its locked position.

Figure 2 is Figure 1 but showin tracted and the shac tion a view substantially similar to the lock mechanism rele in its extended posi- Serial No. 279,541.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the face side of the lock, the view being one on a reduced scale from that shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Figure 4 is a top plan view of the lock and showing a fragmentary portion of the shackle broken away.

Figure 5 is an enlarged vertical section taken substantially on the line 55 of F igure 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 6 is an enlarged transverse section on line 6-6 of igur 1.

Figure 7 is a view illustrating the construction of the three tumbler discs forming a part of the permutation lock mechanism.

Figure 8 is a disassembled view showing the specific construction of certain of the elements of the permutation lockmechanism.

Figure 9 is a perspective view of the releasing latch of the permutation lock mechanism.

Figure 10 is a top plan View of one of-the sliding dogs of the permutation lock mechanism.

Referring to the drawings in detail, and wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts thruout the several views, the improved permutation padlock has been shown as comprising a lock body portion or casing A for enclosing permutation or 89 combination lock mechanism B and pin-tumbler lock mechanism C, said lock mechanisms B and C being operatively engageable with the shackle D for releasably retaining the shackle in locked relation to the lock body A. SJ

While the lock body or casing A may be constructed in any preferred manner, the same has in the example illustrated and for the purpose of easy assembling of the lock, 99 been shown as comprising hollow face and back cover sections 5 and 6 respectively of substantially rectangular shape in plan and providing rounded side edges for the lock body as clearly illustrated in Figures 4 and 6. The lock body A may be formed of bronze or any preferred tvne of non-corrosive metal and the sections 5 and 6 may either be secured together by means of suitable pins 7 or in any other preferred manner as by brazing or welding for providing a closure for the lock mechanisms B an The shackle D for association with the lock body A embodies a bowed portion Sprovided with parallel major and minor shan ortions 9 and 10 respectively, and this shackle is of the sliding and swinging type, adapted to'have sliding movement in the lock body A and when moved to its open position as in Figure 2 is capable of being rotated about the major shank portion 9 as a pivot. The major or longer cylindrical shank portion 9 slidably and rotatably extends into the lock body adjacent one edge of the body and carries at its lower en a tubular extension sleeve 11 which is slidable in a suitable guide 12 formed adjacent the lower end of the lock body. Arranged within the sleeve 11 is an expansion coil spring 13 one end of which acts upon the bottom wall 1 1 of the lock body and the upper end of which acts upon the inner end of the shank 9 in a manner whereby the spring normally acts to urge the shackle to its extended position. is =leeve 11 when the shackle is projected as in Figure 2 acts to guide and retain the shank 9 in proper position within the lock body. Provided adjacent the inner end of the shank portion 9 and at the inner side thereof are notches 15 for co-acting with the lock mechanism C, and provi ed adjacent the outer of the shank and at the inner side thereof are suitable notches 16 for co-acting with the lock mechanism, B. The minor or shorter shank portion 10 is also provided at its inner side with suitable notches 17 for co-acting with the lock mechanism B. The shank portion 9 is slidable thru a circular opening 18 provided in the top lock body wall 14 while the shorter shank portion 10 is movable thru an opening 18' provided in the wall 14. The opening 18 communicates with the lateral opening 19 as shown in Figure 4, and thru which lateral opening 19 the free end of the shank 10 is permitted to swing to one side of the lock body when the shackle D is in its fully projected position.

Referring now to the pin-tumbler lock mechanism C, the same embodies a pair of parallel mounted longitudinally slidable bolts 20 and 21 slidably mounted adjacent opposite ends in suitable brackets 22 and 23 arranged adjacent opposite side edges of the lock body. These brackets 22 and 23 may be in the form of projections cast integral with the rear wall 6' of the lock body and provided with suitable rectangular shaped guideways in which the ends of the sliding bolts 20 and 21 are mounted. Suitable retaining plates 24 are provided for retaining the sliding bolts in the guideways of the brackets. The bolts 20 and 21 are each provided at one end with head portions 25 which are square or rectangular shape in cross section for sliding movement thru the bracket 22, and the k tion of the of these heads 25 are intended to engage in the notches 15 of the shackle shank 9 when the shackle is in its retracte position within the lock body. This formahead 25 is to prevent rotation o the bolts 20 and 21. The opposite or rear ends of the sliding bolts 20 and 21 project beyond the bracket23 and are formed with offset T-shaped heads 26 to be engaged by an operating key 27 Encircling the reduced intermediate shank portion of each of the sliding bolts 20 and 21 is an expansion coil spring 28 with one end of each spring acting upon the head portions 25 of the bolts and the opposite ends of the spring acting upon the bracket 23 in a manner whereby the bolts are normally urged toward the shackle shank 9.

The mechanism tumbler lock 30 including a mounted in the lower right hand corner of the lock body A, and rotatably mounted in the shell 31 is a plug or barrel 32 provided with a flat keyway 33 opening at each end of the plug. The lock 30 may be of ordinary construction and embodies the pin-tumblers 31 each being provided with complementary drivers and springs retained in position by the plate 35. The barrel or plug 32 extends thru and terminates flush with the lower face of the bottom lock body wall 1 1 as clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2. A suitable set screw 36 may be threaded thru the shell 31 and have its inner end engaging in an annular groove provided in the barrel 32 for preventing longitudinal movement of the barrel thru the shell. By observing Figure 2 it will be seen that the lock 30 is mounted in the lock body A beneath the bolt mechanism including the sliding bolts 20 and 21, with the rotating axis of the plug 32 intersecting at a right angle the axes of the parallel spaced apart bolts 20 and 21. The key 27 for actuating the lock mechanism C is of the flat, double bitted type and of a length greater than the length of the barrel 32. The stem or shank portion of the key 27 is provided with bittings for registering with the pin-tumblers 3 1, and the end portion of the shank which projects past the barrel 32 is provided with bittings 27 for aligning one with each of the T-heads 26 of the sliding bolts 20 and 21. By observing Figure 6 it will be seen that when the key 27 is revolved in a counterclockwise direction that the key will engage the T-heads 26 and move the sliding bolts 20 and 21 longitudinally against the tension of the springs 28 and draw the heads 25 out of the notches 15 in the shackle shank 9.

Referring now to the permutation or combination lock mechanism B, and which is mounted in the lock body or ca ing A above C. the same includes a mounting spind end portions C further includes a pinthe key actuated lock mechanism le 40 which is rigidly mounted at one end in an internal proshell 31 which is jection carried b the rear facing wall 6', and this projection d esignated by the numeral 41 in Figure acts as an abutment for the rear side or face of a plate 42 freely rotatable on the spindle 40. Mounted also for free rotation upon the spindle is a series of three tumbler discs 43, 43 and 43 of equal diameters and each being provided in its peripheral edge with sim larly formed notches or recesses 44 as clearly illustrated in Figure 7. The tumbler discs are separated from one another and from the plate 42 by intervening washers 45 for allowing free and independent rotation of the tumbler discs upon the spindle 40. Rotatably mounted in the front wall 5 in axial ali nment with the splndle 40, is a suitable diafplate 47 which may be provided with letters or numerals as shown in Figure 3 for co-acting with a su table marker provided on the face side of the lock casing. Carried by the shaft 46 at the inner side of the front wall 5' is a master tumbler disc 48 which is held spaced from the foremost tumbler disc 43 by a suitable spacing washer 45. The forward end of the spindle 40 is rounded off as shown in Figure 5 and engages in a concavity provided axially at the inner end of the shaft 46 so that the shaft 46 acts as a bearing for the forward end of the spindle upon which the tumbler discs are mounted. It may here be Well to mention that the master tumbler disc 48 is rigidly carried by the inner end of the shaft 46 for positive rotation with the dial plate 47. Projecting laterally from each face of the tumbler discs 43 and 43; from the front face of the innermost tumbler disc 43" and from the rear face of the master tumbler disc 48, are suitable pins or studs 49 which so co-act one with another upon proper rotation of the dial plate 47 for bringing the tumbler disc notches 44 in aligning relation longitudinally of the spindle 40.

The plate 42 is provided with an upturned peripheral portion 50 having a transverse slot 51 provided intermediate its ends for receiving one end portion o the'head 52 of a T- shaped releasing latch 53. The shan'k portion 54 of the latch 53 is pivotally mounted as at 55 upon a combined stop and guide block .53 carried by the back lock body section 6 directly below the top wall 14. The cross head 52 of the releasing latch extends across and engages the peripheral edge of each of the tumbler discs 43, 43 and 43", and a spring 57 connected at one end to the latch shank 54 a d having its opposite end secured to the guide block 56 acts to normally urge the cross head 52 toward the axis of the tumbler disc and into the notches 44 when the notches are in alignment as shown in Figure 2. The plate or disc 42 is of greater diameter than the diameter of the tumbler discs, and of such relative diameter to the tumbler disc that when the cross head 52 is resting upon the periphof the lock casing as upon a shaft 46' cry of the tumbler disc as in Figure 1, the inner end of the cross head will be held in the slot 51 and thus prevent rotation of the plate 42. When the tumbler discs are so properly rotated for bringing the notches 44 into alignment, the spring 57 will draw the head 52 into the aligning notches and out of the slot 51 so as to allow the plate 42 to be rotated in a manner to be subsequently explained.

Coupled to, for sliding movement by rotation of the plate 42 is a pair of substantially L-shaped dogs 60 and 61 for respectively engaging the shackle shanks 9 and 10. The dog 60 has sliding movement in the guide blocks 56 and 56, and the dog 61 has sliding movement in guide blocks 62 and 62. The stem portions 63 and 64 of the dogs 60 and 61 respectively are provided at their inner ends with elongated slots 65 for receiving suitable coupling pins 66 rigidly carried by the plate 42. These pins 66 as will be observed will impart movement to the sliding dogs 60 and 61 thru rotation of the plate 42 and the elongated slots 55 will permit of this sliding movement of the dogs by the plate 42 without creating a binding action on the pins. The offset extension 67 of the dog 60 is provided with suitable lugs 68 for engaging in the notches 16 of the shackle shank 9, while the offset extension 69 of the dog 61 is provided with lugs 70 for en- 9 gaging in the notches 17 of the short or minor shackle shank 10. It may here be well to note by observing Figure 5 that the lower pin 66 for coupling the sliding dog 61 to the plate 42 projects forwardly beyond the front face of the said plate and this projecting portion of the pin provides a crank to which suitable means is coupled for imparting rotation to the said plate. By observing Figures 1 and 2 it will be seen that the sliding dogs 60 and 61 are connected to the plate 42 diametrically of the pivotal axis of the plate so that when the plate is rotated in a clock-wise direction the dogs 60 and 61 will be drawn toward one another and retracted from the notches 16 and When the plate 42 is rotated in a counterclockwise direction the dogs 60 and 61 will be moved away from one another and into the notches 16 and 17 of the shanks 9 and 10 respectively.

1 An abutment 71 1s provided on the ma or shank portion 9 of the shackle D for limiting outward movement of the shackle and this abutment 71 is intended to engage beneath the combined guide and stop block 56 as shown in F igure 2 for limiting outward move ment of the shackle. For allowing free passage of the abutment 71 past the lugs 68 of the dog 60, the ends of the lugs are slightly concaved as shown in Figure 10.

Referring now to the coupling means between the lock mechanisms B and C for retraction of the dogs 60 and 61 thru rotation of the key 27, the same embodies a throw lever which is pivotally mounted interslide bracket mediate its ends as upon a suitable cap screw 81 having threaded engagement in a bearing forming projection 82 formed inwardly of the rear facing wall 6. The upper end the plate like throw lever 80 is slotted as at 83 for receiving the projecting crank forming )ortion of the lower pin 66, and the lower end of the throw lever isprovided with an elongated slot 84 which extends longitudinally of the lever as does the slot 83. Slidably mounted beneath the shank portion of the bolt 20 is an L-shaped link 85 which is pivotally connected at one end as by means of a headed pin 86 the shank portion of which is titted in the slot 8 of the throw lever 80. The right angularly offset end portion 87 of the link is bifurcated to provide a pair of spaced arms for straddling the reduced shank portion of the bolt 20 so that one end of the spring 28 acts upon the offset portion 87 as shown in Figures 5 and (3. The outer face of the offset 87 bears against the inner end of the bolt head 25 so that when the bolt 20 is moved longitudinally away from the major shank 9 the link 85 will be moved longitudinally and impart swinging movement to the lever 80 about its pivot 81. The spring 28 of the bolt 20 acting upon the link portion 87 acts to normally urge the link toward the 22 and thus the spring acts to and throw lever to their normal positions as shown in Figure 1. The link 85 may have sliding movement along a suitable ridge 90 formed inwardly of the rear return the link lock casing wall 6.

In operation of the combined permutation and key operated padlock, and with the mechshown in Figis first rotated predeanism in its locked position as are 1. the dial plate T termined distances in opposite directions for so rotating the tumbler discs as to bring all of the notches all into alignment and at a location as to permit of the spring 57 to draw the releasing latch 53 into the aligning notches as in Figure 2, and which movement of the releasing latch allows the head 52 to move out of the plate slot 51 so as to allow for rotation of the said plate. This having been done, the key 27 is then inserted in the keyway 33 and rotated so as to engage the heads 26 of the sliding moving the bolts longitudinally out of the notches in the shackle shank 9. This longitudinal movement of the bolt causes longitudinal movement of the link 85 which in turn imparts swinging movement to the lever 80 and causes the plate 42 to be rotated in a clock-wise direction for drawing the dogs 0 and 61 out of engagement with the shackle shanks 9 and 10 respectively. As soon as the bolts 20 and Q1, and the dogs (it) and (31 have been retracted. the spring 13 will eject the shackle into a position as shown in Figure 2, the outward movement of the shackle being limited by the abutment T1 engaging the com- 'key 27 will not permit of either the bolts 20 and 21 for block 56. When the A, and of the holding engagement with the bined guide and stop shackle D is retracted in the lock body the bolts and dogs returned by means springs 28 into shank ortions of the shackle, the plate slot 51 will e in a position to receive the head 52 of the releasing latch when forced out of the notches 44 and upon the periphery of the tumbler discs by rotation of the dial plate 47. When the lock is in a condition as s own in Figure 1 it will be seen that rotation of the sliding bolts 20 or 21, or the dogs or 61 being retracted from the shackle shank portions.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that a novel and improved type of padlock has been provided embodying permutation and key operated lock mechanisms so operatively connected as to require proper operation of the permutation lock mechanism before final actuation of both lock mechanisms by a proper key. It will also be apparent that a novel padlock construction has been provided embodying features. of construction whereby-a person when desiring to open the lock must have knowledge of the proper combination and also have a proper key for use with the lock after first properly operating the combination lock mechapism.

Changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts may be made to the form of invention herein shown and described, without departing from thespirit of the invention or the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a lock of the class described the combination of a casing, a shackle including shank portions slidable into the casing, permutation lock mechanism in the casing including elements engageable with said shanks, key actuated lock mechanism in the casing including shank engaging elements, release means for the permutation lock mechanism, and means operatively connecting said lock mechanisms for releasing the shank engaging elements of the mechanisms thru operation of the key actuated lock mechanism.

2. In a lock of the class bination of a casing, a shanks movable in the casing, permutation lock mechanism in the casing including tumbler discs, dogs slidably mounted in the casing for engaging said shackle shanks, means releasable thru actuation of the tumber discs to permit retraction of said dogs, key actuatcd lock mechanism in the casing, and means operatively connected between the permutation and key actuated lock mechanisms for retracting said dogs thru operation of the key actuated mechanism.

3. In a lock of the class described the combination of a casing, a shackle including shank portions movable in the casing, comdescribed the comshackle including bination lock mechanism in the casing including rotatable tumbler discs, dogs slidably mounted in the casing for locking engagement with said shank portions, latch means normally retaining the dogs in engagement with the shank portions and releasable thru operation of the tumbler discs, key actuated lock mechanism in the casing, means operatively connected between the permutation andkey lock mechanisms forretracting said dogs thru actuation of the key lock mechanism, and means for normally urging said dogs into locking relation with the shank portions of the shackle.

4. In a lock of the class described the combination of a casing, a shackle including major and minor shank portions movable in the casing, permutation lock means in the casing including dogs engageable one with each of the shackle shank portions, latch means releasable thru operation of the permutation lock mechanism for permitting retraction of said dogs, key actuated boltsinthe casing for engaging the major shackle shank portion, and means operatively connected between one of said bolts and the permutation lock mechanism for actuating said dogs upon operation of said bolts.

5. In a lock of the class described the combination of a casing, a shackle including shank portions movable in the casing, permutation lock mechanism in the casing including axially mounted tumbler discs and a plate, dogs coupled to the said plate for lock ink engagement with the shank portions of the shackle, latch means normally engageable with the said plate for retaining the dogs in engagement with said shank portions and releasable by the tumbler discs to per,- mit retraction of the dogs, and key actuated means for imparting rotation to the said plate for actuation of said dogs.

6. In a lock of the class described the combination of a casing, a shackle including shank portions movable into the casing, a plate rotatably mounted in the casing, a series of tumbler discs mounted axially with the said plate, means for operating the tumbler discs, dogs slidably mounted in the casing and operatively connected to the said plate for engagement with the shank portions of the shackle, latch means normally preventing rotation of the said plate and releasable by the tumbler discs, and key actuated means in the casing and operatively connected to the said plate for rotation thereof for imparting movement to said dogs.

7. In a lock of the class described the combination of a casing, a shackle including shank portions movable in theacasing, a plate rotatablv mounted in the casing and provided with a slot, a series of tumbler discs mounted axially with the said plate and each having a notched peripheral ed e, means for actuating the tumbler discs, ogs slidably mounted in the casing for engagement with the shank portions of the shackle and operatively connected to the said plate at diametrically op posite points, a latch engageable in the slot of the said plate for normally holding the same against rotation and releasable therefrom for movement in the said notches of the tumbler discs when brought into aligning relation, key actuated means mounted in the casing, and means operatively connected between the key actuated means and said 'plate for rotating the plate and imparting movement to said dogs upon operation of the key actuated means.

8. In a lock of the class described the combination of a casing. a shackle including shank portions movable in the casing. a plate rotatably mounted in the casing and having a stop block provided adjacent its peripheral edge, a series of tumbler discs of less diameter than the said plate, mounted axially with the same and each having a notch provided in its periphery, means for rotating the disc for bringing said notches into registering relation, dogs slidably mountedin the easing for engagement with the shank portions of the shackle and operatively connected to the said plate. a latch pivotally mounted in the casing including a head portion traversing and resting upon the periphery of the tumbler discs with one end of the head portion movable into said stop block for preventing rotation of the said plate, said tumbler discs when rotated for bringing the notches into registering relation permitting of the latch head to move into the notches for permitting rotation of the said plate, key actuated means in the casing, and means operatively connected to the said plate for ro tation thereof upon operation of the key actuated means.

9. In a lock of the class described the combination of a casing, a shackle including shank portions slidable in the casing, a plate rotatably mounted in the casing, dogs for the shackle shank portions operatively connected to the said plate, a series of peripherally notched tubular discs mounted axially with the said plate, a pivoted latch normally engageable with the said plate for preventing rotation thereof and movable into the notches of the tumbler discs when the notches are in aligning relation to permit rotation of the said plate, key actuated lock means in the casing including longitudinally movable bolts, means connected between one of said bolts and said plate for imparting rotation to the plate upon movement of the bolts in one direction by a key, and spring means acting upon the bolts for returning the said plate and its dogs to their normal locked positions.

10. In a permutation padlock the combination of a casing including front and rear sections, :1 shackle including shank portions slidable in the casing, a spindle carried by the rear section and having a rounded forward end, a'plate rotatable on the spindle and having a stop projection, dogs slidably mounted in the casin for engagement with the shank portions 0 the shackle and oper atively connected to the said plate, a series of tumbler discs mounted for independent rotation on the spindle and each having a notch provided in its peripheral edge, a pivoted releasing latch bearing upon the periphery of the tumbler discs and held by the discs in engagement with the stop projection on the said plate, a shaft mounted in the front section of the casing and having a concaved inner end providing a bearing seat for the forward rounded end of the spindle, a master disc mounted on the shaft for engaging the tumbler discs, a dial plate on the shaft for rotating the tumbler discs for bringing the notches thereof into registering alignment for receiving the releasing latch to release the said plate, and means for rotating the keeper plate for actuating the dogs.

11. In a padlock the combination of a casin a shackle including shank portions slidab e in the casing, longitudinally movable bolts slidably mounted in the casing for locking engagement at one end with one of the shackle shanks and havin T heads at their opposite ends, a pin-tum ler lock mounted in the casing for receiving a key engageable with the T heads of the bolts for retracting the bolts, spring means acting to normally urge the bolts into engagement with the shackle shank, and spring means for ejecting the shackle when released.

BERNARD C. SMITH. 

